Sickle cell disease (SCD) represents a group of inherited disorders that impact haemoglobin, the protein found in red blood cells that is essential for oxygen transport throughout the body. In individuals diagnosed with SCD, the haemoglobin is altered, resulting in red blood cells that become rigid, sticky, and assume a crescent or "sickle" shape. This abnormal morphology can lead to obstructions in small blood vessels, thereby hindering the proper flow of blood and the delivery of oxygen to various tissues and organs.